Lesson 3
Memorize New Vocabulary
Today’s new vocabulary is simple, but important:
| this | that |
(M) | ten | tamten |
(F) | ta | tamta |
(N) | to | tamto |
Apply It To Sentence Structure
You already know the word "to", as in “this is” (to jest). In polish "to" is a general term meaning "this". However, when we want to speak about a specific item, we must adjust the term "to", to fit the gender of the noun we are speaking about. In this case, "ten" is masculine, "ta" is feminine and "to" is neuter.
Following the same pattern, if we want to say “that” (referring to a distant item) instead of “this” (referring to a close item) we would write "tamten" (m), "tamta" (f), "tamto" (n)*.
| this | that |
(M) | ten | tamten |
(F) | ta | tamta |
(N) | to | tamto |
This new vocabulary (called a determiner in English) becomes important when describing a noun. For example, if we want to say that a book is (a certain color), we will first start the sentence with… ta książka jest (add color).
Practice it!
In the last lesson we placed our 10 nouns into categories based on their gender. For this lesson, practice applying the gender rules by adding the correct gender of the determiner for both “this” and “that”.
For Example:
This house. Ten dom
This book. Ta książka.
That window. Tamto okno.
That lamp. Tamta lampa.
* * *
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*Continuing forward we will use the symbols, (M) (F) and (N) to represent the masculine, feminine and neuter genders.
Lesson 2 Lesson 4